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Journal of Multicultural Society: OMNES
[ Article ]
OMNES: The Journal of Multicultural Society - Vol. 15, No. 1, pp.1-37
ISSN: 2093-5498 (Print) 2671-969X (Online)
Print publication date 31 Jan 2025
Received 22 Apr 2024 Revised 13 Sep 2024 Accepted 16 Nov 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14431/omnes.2025.01.15.1.01

Stereotyping North Korean Defectors through Supporting Policy in South Korea: Policy Discourse Analysis based on Governmentality

Yihyun Ryu
The Institute for Democracy

Abstract

This study employs Foucault's concept of governmentality as an analytical framework to investigate how North Korean defectors have been governed across political, social, and economic spheres. In Western discourse, North Korean defectors are often depicted as victims of human rights violations. However, their representations and lived experiences within South Korea present a more nuanced picture. Over the past two decades (1998-2017), while policies for defectors underwent significant institutionalization and transformation, South Korea also experienced a substantial influx of migrants from diverse global regions. As the primary host nation for the majority of North Korean defectors and a recent recipient of significant international migration, South Korea offers a unique context for examining discourses surrounding North Korean defectors within a contemporary multicultural landscape. This article contributes to deeper understanding of not only how North Korean defectors are governed in South Korea but also how their presence has contributed to the formation of an ethnic hierarchy within South Korean society.

Keywords:

North Korean defectors, supporting policy, governmentality, multi-culturalism, migrants

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Biographical Note

Yihyun Ryu is a research fellow in the Institute for Democracy, South Korea. Her academic journey started as a master student in Seoul National University and a Ph.D. student in Carleton University in Canada. Dr. Ryu is academically interested in critical discourse analysis and philosophical approach to policies of social diversity and multiculturalism. Her current academic interests are about multiculturalism (nationalism) policy, migration policy, and social diversity, etc. E-mail: yihyunryu520@gmail.com